- History of Unani Medicine
The Unani System is a traditional form of medicine popular in South Asia. It is also known as Unani Tib or Unani Medicine. As its name suggests, it originated in Greece.
This practice had its root in Egypt. They prioritized herbs in the treatment of diseases and initiated the use of surgery as a method of treatment. The Mesopotamians also occupied an important place in history. They were the first to use a urine sample as a diagnostic tool. The Greek period of Unani medicine began with Asclepius (1200 BC), a great medical scholar. In this period, the Greeks developed the Art of Medicine in light of the medical knowledge of Egyptians and Babylonians. This system was further adopted by the Arabs, who developed it tremendously. It was based on the research of the Greek physician Hippocrates, who is considered the Father of Modern Medicine, the Roman physician Galen, and the Arabs and Persian physicians such as Al Razi, Avicenna, and Al Zahravi Unani Medicine was developed into a Holistic treatment system.
It is also believed that this practice originated from Avicenna. It developed from Avicenna’s Medical Encyclopedia, The Canon of Medicine (Al-Qanun fi Tib). He was influenced by Greek and Islamic medicine and the methods of Sushruta and Charaka.
Unani medicine in india:
The Unani System of Medicine was introduced to India by the Arabs in the 12th to 13th century AD. Later it grew during the Mughal period. The Delhi sultans, Tughlaqs, and the Mural Emperors provided state patronage to the scholars and even enrolled some as state employees and court physicians. They were called ‘Hakims’. During the period of Alauddin Kilji (1296-1316), his royal court included famous Unani physicians. This practice found immediate favor with the people and soon spread throughout the country. Unani medicine had its heyday in India during the 13th and 17th centuries. Abu Bakr bin Ali Usman Kashani, Sadruddin Dimashqui, Bahwa bin Khwas Khan, Ali Geelani, Akbar Arzani, and Muhammed Hashim Alavi Khan are some of the scholars who have made valuable contributions to this system.
Unani System of Medicine has been practiced, taught, and scientifically documented in different parts of the country and flourished as a scientific medical system. The Government of India facilitated the growth and development of Unani Medicine and it integrated into the health care delivery system.
The Unani system had a difficult time during British rule. Due to the efforts of the Sharifi Family in Delhi, the Azizi Family in Lucknow, and the Nizami family of Hyderabad, the Unani Medicine survived in this period. An outstanding physician and scholar of Unani Medicine, Hakim Ajmal Khan (1868 -1927) was the pioneer of this system. The Hindustani Dawakhana and the Ayurvedic and Unani Tibbia College in Delhi are the two major examples of his immense contribution to two important Indian systems of medicine – Unani Medicine and Ayurveda.
The Majidi family of Delhi, especially Hakim Abdul Hameed (1908–1999), made valuable contributions to the modernization of Unani medicine. Hakim Abdul Hameed established an Institute of History of Medicine and Medical Research (IHMMR) in New Delhi, which developed into a deemed university ‘Jamia Hamdard’, in 1989. Also, some other families such as the Usmani family of Allahabad (UP) and the Niamathullah Family of Madras (Chennai) played important roles in the development of Unani Medicine in the 20th century.
Government Bodies of Unani medicine in India
After independence, the Unani and other systems of Medicine gained more popularity. The Indian Systems of Medicine and Homoeopathy including the Unani System of Medicine got a boost in 1969 with the Government of India established the Central Council for Research in Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy (CCRIMH) to conduct research and scientific activities. Initially, the Indian Systems of Medicine and Homoeopathy (ISM&H) were taken care of by a division within the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. It was renamed as the Department of AYUSH in November 2003 for the overall development of Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy. The Unani System of Medicine, with its recognized practitioners, hospitals, and educational and research institutions, forms an integral part of the national healthcare delivery system.
List of Unani Colleges in India
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Govt. Nizamia Tibbia College, Charminar, Hyderabad-500002 Andhra Pradesh
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Dr. Abdul Haq Unani Medical College & Hospital, 40/23, Park Road, Kurnool-518001 Andhra Pradesh
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Govt. Tibbia College, Kadam Kuan, Patna-800003 Bihar
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Zulfequar Haider Unani Medical College & Hospital, PB ENo.12, Nawalpur, Siwan-841226 Bihar
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Salfia Unani Medical College & Hospital, At & Post Laheriasarai, Darbhanga-846001 Bihar
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Nizamia Unani Medical College & Hospital, Vill. Dumri, P.O. Rasalpur, Via Buniyad anj, Gaya-823002 Bihar
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Mohsin-e-Millat Unani Medical College, Mahboobiya Chowk, Baijnath-Para, Raipur–492001 Chhatisgarh |
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Ayurvedic & Unani Tibbia College, Karol Bagh, New Delhi-110005 Delhi
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Faculty of Medicine (Unani), Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062 Delhi
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10. |
Unani Medical College & Hospital Institute of Asian Medical Sciences, Near Baba Atomic Research Centre, Habbak Crossing, Zakura, Srinagar-190001 Jammu & Kashmir
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11. |
Kashmir Tibbia College Hospital & Research Centre Saida Kadal, Srinagar-190010 Jammu & Kashmir
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12. |
Govt. Unani Medical College, Siddaiah Puranik Road, Basaveshvar Nagar, Bangalore-560079 Karnataka
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Luqman Unani Medical College & Hospital, BL Karadi Campus, 12, Naubag, Bijapur-586101 Karnataka
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Tipu Sultan Unani Medical College & Hospital, Post Box No.99, Opp. Govt. Milk Dairy, Millat Nagar, Ring Road, Gulbarga-585104 Karnataka
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HMS Unani Medical College & Hospital, Sadashiv Nagar, IInd Stage, Ring Road, P.O.Maralur, Tumkur –572105 Karnataka
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National Institute of Unani Medicine Kottige palaya, Magadi Main Road, Bangalore-560091 Karnataka
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Saifia Hamidia Unani Tibbia College & Hospital, Near Ganapati Naka, Khandwa Road, Burhanpur-450331 Madhya Pradesh
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Al-Farooque Unani Tibbia College, Bye Pass Road, Vill. Arendiya Indore-452001 Madhya Pradesh
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Hakim Syed Ziaul Hassan Govt. Unani Medical College & Hospital, Kolar-Nehru Nagar By-Pass, Bhopal-462001 Madhya Pradesh
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Hakim Abdul Hamid Unani Medical College, 3, Idgah Road, Dewas-455001 Madhya Pradesh
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Anjuman-I-Islam’s Dr. M. Ishaq JamkhanawalaTibbia Unani Medical College & Haji Abdul Razak Kalsekar Tibbia Hospital, 60, Yari Road, Versova, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400061 Maharashtra
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22. |
Mohammadia Tibbia College & Assayer Hospital, PB No. 128, Mansoora, Malegaon Nasik- 423203 Maharashtra
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Zuleikhabai Valy Md. Unani Medical College & Hospital, 2390-B, KB Hidayathulla Road, New Modikhana Camp, Azam Campus, Anglo Urdu School Campus, Pune-411001 Maharashtra
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24. |
Ahmed Gharib Unani Medical College, Akkalkuwa Nandurbar-425415 Maharashtra
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Iqra Unani Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, G. No. 25/2, Iqra Nagar, Shirsoli Road, Mohdi Shivar, Jalgaon–425 135 Maharashtra
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Rajputana Unani Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Moh. Kho-Nagoriyan, Jagatpura Road, Jaipur – 302002 Rajasthan
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Rajasthan Unani Medical College & Hospital, Jagdamba Colony, Paladi Meena, Agra Road, Jaipur Rajasthan
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Govt. Unani Medical College, Arignar Anna Govt. Hospital of Indian Medicine Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai-600106 Tamil Nadu
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State Takmil-ut-Tib College & Hospital, Hkm. Abdul Aziz Road, Jhawai Tola Chaupatia, Lucknow-226003 Uttar Pradesh
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State Unani Medical College, Himatganj, Allahabad-211003 Uttar Pradesh
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Jamia Tibbia Deoband GT Road, Deoband, Saharanpur-247554 Uttar Pradesh
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Ibn-e-Sina Tibbia College & Hospital, Beenapara, Via Sarai Meer, Azamgarh-276305 Uttar Pradesh
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Deoband Unani Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Naya Bans, Near Talheri Chungi, Deoband, Saharanpur-247554 Uttar Pradesh
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Allama Iqbal Unani Medical College, Near Roorkee Chungi, G.T. Road, Muzaffarnagar-251002 Uttar Pradesh
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Aligarh Unani Medical College & A.C.N. Hospital, Gulmarg Complex, Purani Chungi, Anoop Shahar Road, Aligarh-202002 Uttar Pradesh
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Sham-e-Ghausia Minority Unani Medical College & Hospital, Saheri, Via- Nandganj, Ghazipur–233 001 Uttar Pradesh
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Eram Unani Medical College & Hospital, Krsi Road, Gudamba Police Station, Lucknow-226022 Uttar Pradesh
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38. |
Dr. Abdul Ali Tibbiya College & Hospital, Katauli, Malihabad, Lucknow-227111 Uttar Pradesh
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39. |
Ajmal Khan Tibbia College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002 Uttar Pradesh
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40. |
Calcutta Unani Medical College & Hospital, 8/1, Abdul Halim Lane, Kolkata – 700016 (West Bengal)
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Yunus Fazlani Medical College & Al-Fazlani Unani Hospital, Kunjkheda, Post Box No. 03, Tah. Kannad Aurangabad- 03 Maharashtra
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42. |
Hakim Rais Unani Medical College & Hospital Sambhal, Distt. Moradabad- 244302 Uttar Pradesh
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Ghausia Unani Medical College & Hospital, Kanashmiripur, Deomai Fatehpur- 212657 Uttar Pradesh
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Al-Arif Unani Medical College, 18-13-132/41, Bandlaguda, Hyderabad-500005 Telangana State
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45. |
Markaz Unani Medical College & Hospital, Kaithapozhil Kozhikode-673571 Kerala
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46. |
Uttranchal Unani Medical College, Mustafaabad, Dhanpura, Haridwar- 249405 Utrakhand |